Qaab dhismeedka aasaasiga ah ee siligga iyo fiilada waxaa ka mid ah kaari, dahaar, gaashaan, galka iyo qaybo kale.
1. Maamule
Function: Conductor waa qayb ka mid ah fiilada iyo fiilada gudbiya tamarta korantada (magnetic), macluumaadka iyo xaqiiqsada hawlo gaar ah oo beddelka tamarta korantada.
Qalabka: Inta badan waxaa jira kirishbooyeyaal aan la daboolin, sida copper, aluminium, copper alloy, aluminium alloy; kirishbooyada birta ah ee dahaarka leh, sida naxaasta qasacadaysan, naxaasta qalinka ah, naxaasta nikkel-ku dahaaran; kirishbooyada birta ah, sida birta naxaasta ah, aluminium ka samaysan naxaas, birta aluminium ka samaysan, iwm.
2. Dahaarka
Shaqada: Lakabka dahaadhka ah ayaa lagu duudduubay dabaylaha ama lakabka dheeraadka ah ee kaari (sida cajalad mica refractory), shaqadeeduna waa inay ka go'do kaarigu inuu sido korantada u dhiganta kana hortagto qulqulka hadda.
Qalabka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo ee dahaarka extruded waa polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyetylen (PE), polyetylen cross-linked (XLPE), polyolefin-free olol-free halogen-qiiqa hooseeya (LSZH/HFFR), fluoroplastics, dabacsanaanta thermoplastic (TPE), caag silikoon ah (SR), caag ethylene propylene (EPM/EPDM), iwm.
3. gaashaanka
Shaqada: Lakabka gaashaanka ee loo isticmaalo siliga iyo alaabada fiilada ayaa runtii leh laba fikradood oo kala duwan.
Marka hore, qaab dhismeedka fiilooyinka iyo fiilooyinka gudbiya hirarka elektromagnetic ee soo noqnoqda ee soo noqnoqda (sida inta jeer ee raadiyaha, fiilooyinka elektarooniga ah) ama qulqulka daciifka ah (sida fiilooyinka calaamadaha) ayaa loo yaqaan gaashaanka elektromagnetic. Ujeeddadu waa in la xannibo faragelinta mowjadaha elektromagnetic-ka ee dibadda, ama in laga hortago calaamadaha soo noqnoqda ee fiilada in ay farageliyaan adduunka dibadda, iyo in laga hortago faragelinta labada lammaane ee fiilooyinka.
Marka labaad, qaab dhismeedka fiilooyinka korantada dhexdhexaadka ah iyo kuwa sare si loo simo beerta korantada ee dusha sare ee korantada ama dusha dahaarka waxaa loo yaqaannaa gaashaanka korontada. Si adag u hadla, gaashaanka korantada korantada uma baahna shaqada "gashaanti", laakiin kaliya waxay ka ciyaartaa doorka isku-dhafka korantada. Gaashaanka ku duuba fiilada inta badan waa la dejiyay.
* Qaab dhismeedka gaashaanka elektromagnetic iyo agabka
① gaashaanka tidcan: inta badan isticmaal silig naxaas ah oo qaawan, silig naxaas ah oo dahaadhaysan, silig naxaas ah oo lacag ah, silig aluminium-magnesium alloy ah, cajalad guri naxaas ah, cajalad fidsan oo naxaas ah, iwm. lamaanaha ama xudunta fiilada;
② Cajalada naxaasta ah ee gaashaanka: isticmaal cajalad naxaas ah oo jilicsan si aad u daboosho ama ugu duubto meel ka baxsan xudunta fiilada;
③ Difaaca sharooto isku dhafan ee birta ah: isticmaal aluminium foil Mylar tape ama bireed naxaas ah cajalad Mylar si aad ugu duubto ama si toosan ugu duub siliga lamaanaha ama xudunta fiilada;
④ Difaaca dhammaystiran: Codsi dhammaystiran oo leh qaabab kala duwan oo gaashaan ah.Tusaale ahaan, ku duub (1-4) fiilooyin naxaas ah oo khafiif ah oo toosan ka dib markii lagu duubo aluminium foil Mylar cajalad. Xadhkaha naxaasta ah waxay kordhin karaan saameynta xakamaynta gaashaandhigga;
⑤ Difaaca goonida ah + difaaca guud: lammaane kasta ama koox kasta oo fiilooyinka ah waxaa lagu ilaaliyaa aluminium foil Mylar tape ama silig naxaas ah oo si gooni ah loo tidcan yahay, ka dibna qaab dhismeedka gaashaandhigga ayaa lagu daraa ka dib marka la xiro;
⑥ gaashaanka duubista: Isticmaal silig naxaas ah oo khafiif ah, cajalad naxaas ah oo fidsan, iwm.
* Qaab dhismeedka gaashaanka korantada iyo agabka
Daboolida Semi-conductive: Xadhkaha korantada ee 6kV iyo wixii ka sareeya, lakabka gaashaanka ee khafiifka ah ee semi-conductive ayaa ku xidhan dusha kirishbooyada iyo dusha dahaadhka. Lakabka gaashaanka korriinka waa lakab semi-conductive dibadda ah. Gaashaanka hagaya ee leh isgoysyada 500mm² iyo wixii ka sareeya ayaa guud ahaan ka kooban cajalad semi-conductive ah iyo lakabka badh-conductive baxay. Lakabka gaashaanka dahaadhka ah waa qaab-dhismeed extruded;
Duubista siligga naxaasta ah: Siligga naxaasta ah ee wareegsan waxa inta badan loo adeegsadaa duubista wada-jiho, lakabka sarena waa uu si kale u dhaawacmay oo lagu xidhay cajalad naxaas ah ama silig naxaas ah. Qaab dhismeedka noocaan ah waxaa badanaa lagu isticmaalaa fiilooyinka leh qulqulka wareegga gaaban ee waaweyn, sida qaar ka mid ah fiilooyinka 35kV ee waaweyn. fiilada korantada hal-core;
Duubista cajaladda naxaasta ah: ku duubista cajalad naxaas ah oo jilicsan;
④ Galka aluminiumka ah ee dahaadhka ah: Waxay qabataa duubista dhaadheer ee kulul ama aluminiumka duubista dhererka dhererka, alxanka, dhejinta, iwm
4. Galka
Shaqada galka waa in la ilaaliyo fiilada, iyo xudunta udubdhexaadka ah waa ilaalinta dahaarka. Iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay jawiga isticmaalka ee isbedbeddelaya, xaaladaha isticmaalka iyo shuruudaha isticmaalaha. Sidaa darteed, noocyada, qaababka qaab-dhismeedka iyo shuruudaha wax-qabadka ee qaab-dhismeedka dhogorta ayaa sidoo kale kala duwan, kuwaas oo lagu soo koobi karo saddex qaybood:
Mid waa in la ilaaliyo xaaladaha cimilada dibadda, xoogagga farsamada ee marmar, iyo lakabka ilaalinta guud ee u baahan ilaalinta guud ee daboolka (sida ka hortagga soo gelinta uumiga biyaha iyo gaaska waxyeellada leh); Haddii uu jiro xoog weyn oo makaanik ah oo dibadda ah ama uu qaado culeyska fiilada, waa in uu jiraa qaab-dhismeedka lakabka ilaalinta ee lakabka hubka birta; Saddexaad waa qaabdhismeedka lakabka ilaalinta leh shuruudo gaar ah.
Sidaa darteed, qaabka galka fiilada iyo fiilada guud ahaan waxaa loo qaybiyaa laba qaybood oo waaweyn: gal (sleeve) iyo galka dibadda. Qaab dhismeedka galka gudaha waa mid fudud, halka galka dibadda uu ka mid yahay lakabka gaashaanka birta ah iyo lakabka gudaha ee dahaarka ah (si looga hortago in lakabka hubku uu waxyeello u geysto lakabka galka gudaha), iyo galka dibadda oo ah ilaalinta lakabka gaashaanka, iwm. Shuruudo gaar ah oo kala duwan sida ololka celinaya, iska caabinta dabka, cayayaan-ka-hortagga (termit), ka-hortagga xayawaanka (qaniinyada jiirka, qaniinyada shimbiraha), iwm, intooda badan waxaa lagu xalliyaa iyada oo lagu daro kiimikooyin kala duwan galka dibadda; waxoogaa waa in ay ku daraan qaybaha lagama maarmaanka ah ee qaab dhismeedka galka dibadda.
Alaabta sida badan loo isticmaalo waa:
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyetylen (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), qiiq hoose ee halogen polyolefin ololka xorta ah (LSZH/HFFR), elastomer thermoplastic (TPE)
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-30-2022